Measuring System Comprising Variably Sensitive Outputs

ABSTRACT

The measurement setup according to the invention comprises a piezoelectrical sensor  10  and two or more charge amplifiers  20, 21, 22  having different amplification settings and each having an output A 1 , A 2  and Ai, as well as a signal splitter  40  arranged between the sensor  10  and the amplifiers  20, 21, 22 . During a measurement a charge signal Q sensed by the piezoelectrical sensor  10  is split at the signal splitter  40  in two or more partial signals Q 1 , Q 2  and Qi each of which is fed and processed in one of the charge amplifiers  20, 21, 22  and eventually fed to the outputs A 1 , A 2 , and Ai. The signal splitter  40  preferably comprises two or more capacitors C 1 , C 2 , and Ci. The measurement setup with the piezoelectrical sensor  10  primarily serves for measuring forces, pressures, strain, moments, or accelerations.

The invention relates to a measurement setup for measuring physical values which has two or more outputs with different resolution levels comprising a piezoelectrical sensor and two or more amplifiers.

Measurement setups essentially comprise a sensor for sensing and converting a signal and an amplifier for amplifying the signal before it is transmitted to the output. Depending on the application, different amplifications or conversion factors of measurement signals are required. Usually an amplifier can be adjusted according to need: a high sensitivity can be chosen whereby the resolution will be very high but the total measurement range very narrow, or a low sensitivity can be selected so that the resolution is very low but the total measurement range is very broad.

Certain applications, however, require different resolution rates at different times. For example, in monitoring the distribution of forces of injection moulding or die casting machines while the mould halves are clamped for the injection and cooling operations very high maximum forces are measured. It must be assured, on the other hand, that during the closing operation the space between the mould halves is empty, i.e. that in particular no part to be removed has been caught and could damage the mould during the closing. For this purpose, the resolution of the force signal is required to be about 50 to 100 times higher than that of the signal in the closed state.

Another application example of the requirement to measure both a highly resolving weak signal and to monitor and evaluate a very strong signal is the field of ballistics.

Therefore, there is a need to monitor both high and low amplitudes with nearly identical resolutions relative to the amplitudes.

According to the prior art, for example, two measuring chains each having a sensor and an amplifier are used for this purpose which can be set individually. While one of the measuring chains is suitable for reproducing low forces in a low range and with a high resolution the other measuring chain is adapted to reproducing high forces with a high amplitude and low resolution. The first measuring chain turns to saturation with increasing forces.

A disadvantage of a setup of this type is the space requirement for the two sensors, the need of double installation and the costs of two complete measuring chains.

Another possibility is to use only one measuring chain wherein the amplifier must be switched over to a new desired sensitivity at an appropriate time. A disadvantage of this setup is the discontinuity of the course of the measurement as well as the difficulty to find the right point of time for switching over.

It is also possible to evaluate a partial signal superposed on an electrical signal as already described in CH 681755. However, since the partial signal is not related to the same zero point as the basic signal this procedure is unsuitable for the applications and requirements described herein.

It is the object of the present invention to suggest a measuring chain of the type described above which has two or more outputs with different sensitivities.

It is another object of the present invention to suggest a device for the measurement of forces, pressures, strain, moments or accelerations having two or more outputs with different sensitivities.

This object has been achieved by the features of the first and the eighth claim.

SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The measurement setup according to the invention comprises a piezoelectrical sensor and two or more charge amplifiers with different amplification settings each of which has a terminal, as well as a signal splitter arranged between the sensor and the amplifiers. During a measurement, a charge signal sensed by the piezoelectrical sensor is split into two or more partial signals each of which is transmitted and processed in one of the charge amplifiers and eventually is transmitted to the terminals. The signal splitter preferably comprises two or more capacitors. The measurement setup with the piezoelectrical sensor primarily serves for the measurement of forces, pressures, strain, moments or accelerations.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention will be explained referring to the following drawings which show

FIG. 1 a schematic representation of a measurement setup according to the prior art;

FIG. 2 another schematic representation of a measurement setup according to the prior art;

FIG. 3 a schematic representation of a measurement setup according to the invention;

FIG. 4 another schematic representation of a measurement setup according to the invention;

FIG. 5 a schematic representation of a device according to the invention.

FIG. 1 represents two measuring chains according to the prior art which are independent of each other and arranged in parallel each measuring chain consisting of a sensor 10 and 11 and an amplifier 20 and 21 wherein the amplifiers have different sensitivities so that the charge signals Q1 and Q2 sensed at the sensors 10 and 11, for example due to forces acting thereon, have different signal amounts and sensitivities at the outputs A1 and A2, respectively, of the amplifiers 20 and 21.

Two complete setups are required for these measuring chains, in particular two sensors 10 and 11 both of which must be installed. Although this solution is very costly it has been employed.

FIG. 2 shows another setup of a measuring chain according to the prior art. This measuring chain comprises only one sensor 10 and an amplifier 20, 21 with a setting means 30 for the amplifier 20, 21 whereby depending on the setting the only one terminal A can correspond to the sensitivity of the first sensor 20 or of the second sensor 21 of FIG. 1. This arrangement has the disadvantage that at any give time a charge signal Q can be amplified only with a high sensitivity or with a low sensitivity and that indication means are required which determine time of switching over.

FIG. 3 represents schematically the setup of a measuring chain according to the invention. The measurement setup comprises a piezoelectrical sensor 10 and serves primarily for the measurement of forces, pressures, strain, moments or accelerations. Furthermore, the measurement setup comprises two charge amplifiers 20 and 21 with different amplifications each having an output terminal A1 and A2, as well as a signal splitter 40 arranged between the sensor 10 and the amplifiers 20 and 21. During a measurement a charge signal Q transmitted from the piezoelectrical sensor 10 is split by the signal splitter 40 in two partial signals Q1 and Q2 each of which is transmitted and processed in one of the charge amplifiers 20 and 21 and is finally fed to the outputs A1 and A2. Since the charge signal Q from the piezoelectrical sensor is a very-high impedance signal, the signal splitter 40 preferably comprises two suitably arranged capacitors C1 and C2. The capacitances of the capacitors C1 and C2 should preferably be at least 10 times higher than the combined capacitances of the wire and the sensor.

By the setup according to the invention two or more charge amplifiers 20, 21 can be connected with exactly one sensor 10. Charge amplifiers 20, 21 cannot be connected directly at the input. The measurement setup according to the invention is achieved by appropriately arranged capacitors C1 and C2 which form the signal splitter 40 owing to the virtual zero point at the charge amplifier input. This signal splitter 40, however, is distorted by the capacitances of the input lead and the sensor. By appropriately dimensioning the signal splitter 40 the errors can be kept small or can be balanced and the charges can be distributed to the charge amplifiers 20, 21 so that high and low signals can be measured at the same time. If identical capacitors C1, C2 are provided an error of the same amount will be obtained in both channels.

Therefore, the capacitances of capacitors C1, C2 are in the same order of magnitude and preferably differ from each other at most by a factor of 10. In accordance with the capacitances also the charge signals Q1 and Q2 are identical or similar.

For example, the amplifications of the charge amplifiers 20, 21 differ by a factor of up to 100. In this way, the sensitivity of terminal A1 is for example 1000 times higher than that of terminal A2 while the range of the charge amplifier is higher than the range of charge amplifier 20 by the same factor. But a difference in sensitivity in the range of a factor 100 is typical.

FIG. 4 shows the same setup according to the invention as FIG. 3 wherein the signal splitter 40 divides the original charge signal Q by means of several capacitors C1, C2, Ci in several partial charge signals Q1, Q2, Qi. Accordingly, this measuring chain contains several charge amplifiers 20, 21, 22 and several outputs A1, A2, Ai.

FIG. 5 represents a device 50 comprising the whole measurement setup according to FIG. 3 with two outputs A1 and A2 where the sensor is integrated. Consequently, a device 50 can also house a measurement setup according to FIG. 4 and can have several outputs A.

Whether used as a measuring chain or as a device 50, the advantage of this arrangement is that no switching over of an amplifier unit is required and that all signals at the outputs A1, A2, and A3 can be read simultaneously. Another advantage of this measuring chain according to the invention or this device according to the invention is that it requires only one sensor whereby the costs and the effort for the measurement are kept low.

Furthermore, there is the possibility to combine the measurement setup of the invention with that of CH 681755. This enables an additional zoom function in any range, the zero point in this case being irrelevant.

LIST OF DESIGNATIONS

-   10 piezoelectrical sensor -   11 second piezoelectrical sensor -   20 first charge amplifier -   21 second charge amplifier -   22 further charge amplifier -   30 switch-over means of the amplifier unit -   40 signal splitter -   50 device -   A output -   C capacitor -   Q charge signal -   F force -   ε strain -   P pressure 

1. A measurement setup for measuring physical values which has two or more outputs with different sensitivity levels comprising a piezoelectrical sensor and two or more charge amplifiers with different amplification settings wherein between the sensor and the charge amplifiers is arranged a signal splitter which during a measurement can split a charge signal from the sensor in partial signals each of which can be processed in one of the charge amplifiers.
 2. A measurement setup according to claim 1, wherein the sensor can measure forces, pressures, strain, moments, or accelerations.
 3. A measurement setup according to claim 1 wherein in the signal splitter a capacitor is arranged in front of each charge amplifier.
 4. A measurement setup according to claim 3 wherein the capacitances of the capacitors are in the same order of magnitude and differ from each other at most by a factor of
 10. 5. A measurement setup according to claim 3 wherein the amplification settings of the charge amplifier differ by a factor of up to 100 times.
 6. A measurement setup according to claim 1, wherein the sensitivities of the outputs differ by a factor of up to
 1000. 7. A device comprising a measurement setup according to claim 1, wherein the sensor can measure forces, pressures, strain, moments, or accelerations.
 8. A device according to claim 7, wherein the sensitivities of the outputs differ by a factor of no more than
 1000. 9. A device according to claim 2, wherein in the signal splitter a capacitor is arranged in front of each charge amplifier.
 10. A measurement setup according to claim 9, wherein the capacitances of the capacitors are in the same order of magnitude and differ from each other at most by a factor of
 10. 11. A device according to claim 9, wherein the capacitances of the capacitors are in the same order of magnitude and differ from each other by no more than a factor of
 10. 12. A device according to claim 9, wherein the amplification settings of the charge amplifier differ by no more than a factor of
 100. 13. A device according to claim 2, wherein the sensitivities of the outputs differ by a factor of no more than
 1000. 14. A device according to claim 3, wherein the sensitivities of the outputs differ by a factor of no more than
 1000. 15. A device according to claim 4, wherein the sensitivities of the outputs differ by a factor of no more than
 1000. 16. A measurement setup according to claim 4, wherein the amplification settings of the charge amplifier differ by a factor of up to 100 times.
 17. A device according to claim 19, wherein the sensitivities of the outputs differ by a factor of no more than
 1000. 18. A device according to claim 5, wherein the sensitivities of the outputs differ by a factor of no more than
 1000. 